albert speer brother stalingrad

Detailed plans were completed in July 1937 and the first shell of the new chancellery was complete on 1 January 1938. Albert Speer, (born March 19, 1905, Mannheim, Baden, Germanydied September 1, 1981, London, England), German architect who was Adolf Hitler's chief architect (1933-45) and minister for armaments and war production (1942-45). While he sought to frustrate directives to destroy industrial facilities in areas at risk of capture, so that they could be used after the war, he still supported the war's continuation. Carefully measuring distance travelled each day, he mapped distances to the real-world geography. Labor to build the A4 rockets came from the Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp. Ultimately, when their emergence involved the ruin of all his work, Speer accepted the consequences and acted. On 27 January 1938, Speer received plenipotentiary powers from Hitler to finish the new chancellery by 1 January 1939. After the disasters of the battle of Moscow (Operation Typhoon) and even after Stalingrad Germany manages to greatly increase its military production, even though the allies were launching a major bombing campaign against them. Study now. [177], The armaments "miracle" was a myth; Speer had used statistical manipulation to support his claims. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). [12] In Munich Speer began a close friendship, ultimately spanning over 50 years, with Rudolf Wolters, who also studied under Tessenow. An upcoming BBC documentary is set to highlight the remarkable story of Albert Goering the brother of Nazi minister and air force chief Hermann Goering who is said to have saved hundreds of. [149] In the same year, he appeared on the television programme The World at War. These centered on a three-mile-long grand boulevard running from north to south, which Speer called the Prachtstrasse, or Street of Magnificence;[35] he also referred to it as the "NorthSouth Axis". Speer's desperate mother called Speer . His first draft was written from March 1953 to 26 December 1954. Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. [15], In January 1931, Speer applied for Nazi Party membership, and on 1 March 1931, he became member number 474,481. The relationship will always amaze. They're private residences. This allowed an extra 300 huts to be built at Auschwitz, increasing the total human capacity to 132,000. Many more buildings were planned. [145], Speer's memoirs were a phenomenal success. Using misleading statistics, he promoted himself as having performed an armaments miracle that was widely credited with keeping Germany in the war. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. [26], The image of the good Nazi was supported by numerous Speer myths. Which he succeeded in doing, with or without Hitler. Speer's illness coincided with the Allied "Big Week", a series of bombing raids on the German aircraft factories that were a devastating blow to aircraft production. [173] In 2005, The Daily Telegraph reported that documents had surfaced indicating that Speer had approved the allocation of materials for the expansion of Auschwitz concentration camp after two of his assistants inspected the facility on a day when almost a thousand Jews were massacred. In June 1936 he charged a personal honorarium of 30,000 Reichsmark and estimated the chancellery would be completed within three to four years. The Soviet Union, having demanded a death sentence at trial, was unwilling to entertain a reduced sentence. I was searching for information about Ernst (?) [5], Following his release from Spandau, Speer donated the Chronicle, his personal diary, to the German Federal Archives. [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. Four years into their relationship, in September 1981, Speer died. This formed a key element of the myths Speer encouraged. In consequence, despite tank production having the highest priority, relatively little of the armaments budget was spent on it. The film began a process of demystification and critical reappraisal. [95], Losses of territory and a dramatic expansion of the Allied strategic bombing campaign caused the collapse of the German economy from late 1944. Efforts were made and a search of Ernst's unit ended in failure. His father, who died in 1947, despised the Nazis and was silent upon meeting Hitler. Albert Speer Jr. was born on July 29, 1934, one year after Hitler had consolidated power in Germany. He agreed to expand Auschwitz and some other camps, allocating 13.7 million Reichsmarks for the work to be carried out. As a Nazi Party member, she had greatly enjoyed dining with Hitler. The house had a studio were Hitler (see Hitler parents) often came to draw his . Speer cancelled some hours before take-off because the previous night he had been up late in a meeting with Hitler. Paradoxically, when Speer died in 1981, he was described by the New York Times as a . This led to the development of Germany's first cyclotron. Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] [135] Speer's efforts for an early release came to naught. Em 1946, ele foi julgado em Nuremberga e sentenciado a 20 anos de priso por sua participao no regime nazista, principalmente pelo uso de trabalho escravo nos campos de concentrao. In this capacity he was responsible for the Central Department for Resettlement that evicted Jewish tenants from their homes in Berlin. German architect of the Nazi period (1933-45). This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. [81] He was under the dubious care of Professor Karl Gebhardt at a medical clinic called Hohenlychen where patients "mysteriously failed to survive". Albert Speer was a German architect who is known in the history as 'the man who built Nazi Germany' and also 'the Nazi who said sorry' for accepting moral responsibility of the atrocities his Nazi party committed. He was not involved in the plot, and played a minor role in the regime's efforts to regain control over Berlin after Hitler survived. [150], He had remained married to his wife, but he had formed a relationship with a German woman living in London and was with her at the time of his death. [84] Production of German fighter aircraft more than doubled between 1943 and 1944. [141] He found himself unable to re-establish a relationship with his children, even with his son Albert who had also become an architect. [5] Speer was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. The battle is infamous as one of the largest . In 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for Berlin. Thanks! This was probably the start of the downfall of the Reich. [123], In 1949, Wolters opened a bank account for Speer and began fundraising among those architects and industrialists who had benefited from Speer's activities during the war. Die Zelle. Adam Tooze wrote in The Wages of Destruction that the idea that Speer was an apolitical technocrat was "absurd". A speech by Albert Speer (there is an account of this speech in Albert Speer, Erinnerungen [Berlin, 1969], p. 325) was followed by speeches of his deputies: Willy Schliecker, the expert on American rearmament; Walther Rohland, the head of Panzer production; Karl Frydag, who was in charge of aircraft building; and Otto Merker, who was . the atmosphere was said the best ever it was actually worded they [168] Speer also falsely claimed that he had realised the war was lost at an early stage, and thereafter worked to preserve the resources needed for the civilian population's survival. [91], On 14 April 1944, Speer lost control of Organisation Todt to his Deputy, Franz Xaver Dorsch. 4.10 avg rating 13,205 ratings published 1969 86 editions. He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. Stalingrad was a classic example where he refused to provide the equipment necessary to supply his army on the Eastern front during the terrible winter of 1941. 2. [102][103] Hitler rejected Speer's proposal to cease demolitions. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. Stars Laurence Olivier Averell Harriman Albert Speer See production, box office & company info Search on Amazon search for Blu-ray and DVD Add to Watchlist 120 User reviews 5 Critic reviews Top rated TV #14 FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . Speer in response used his propaganda expertise to display a new dynamism of the war economy. [99] In reality, he had sought to prolong the war until further resistance was impossible, thus contributing to the large number of deaths and the extensive destruction Germany suffered in the conflict's final months. [73] Sauckel obtained new workers often using the most brutal methods. His mother died in 1952. [20], Shortly after Hitler came into power, he began to make plans to rebuild the chancellery. [90] By this time, 140,000 people were working in Speer's underground factories. [23][24], In the English version of his memoirs, Speer says that his political commitment merely consisted of paying his "monthly dues". Como Ministro do Armamento, Speer foi responsvel pela grande produtividade da Alemanha neste setor nos anos finais da Segunda Guerra Mundial. It takes the reader inside Nazi Germany on four different levels: Hitler's inner circle, National Socialism as a whole, the area of wartime production and the inner struggle of Albert Speer. In September 1945, he was told that he would be tried for war crimes, and several days later, he was moved to Nuremberg and incarcerated there. [19] This work won Speer his first national post, as Nazi Party "Commissioner for the Artistic and Technical Presentation of Party Rallies and Demonstrations". [18], The organizers of the 1933 Nuremberg Rally asked Speer to submit designs for the rally, bringing him into contact with Hitler for the first time. [43] The building itself was hailed by Hitler as the "crowning glory of the greater German political empire". Albert Speer, the Nazi architect who built a Cathedral of Light for Hitler and commanded millions of prisoners in the forced production of weaponry, had a comfortable second life. Speer, Jr., an eighty-two-year-old with a perennially serious expression and a fondness for energetic hand motions, is one of Germany's best-known urban planners. Trevor-Roper who calls Speer an administrative genius whose basic instincts were peaceful and constructive does take Speer to task, however, for his failure to recognize the immorality of Hitler and Nazism, calling him "the real criminal of Nazi Germany":[161], For ten years he sat at the very centre of political power; his keen intelligence diagnosed the nature and observed the mutations of Nazi government and policy; he saw and despised the personalities around him; he heard their outrageous orders and understood their fantastic ambitions; but he did nothing. (Black and white photographs from Albert Speer: His Battle With Truth by Gitta Sereny, published by Picador) To date, the foundation has given more than 500,000 in grants to more than 100 Jewish women for projects. Of the 60,000 people who ended up at the camp 20,000 died, due to the appalling conditions. Hitler commissioned him to design and construct structures including the Reich Chancellery and the Nazi party rally grounds in Nuremberg. He admitted only to being uncomfortable around Jews in the published version of the Spandau Diaries. [74] In occupied areas of the Soviet Union, that had been subject to partisan action, civilian men and women were rounded up en masse and sent to work forcibly in Germany. Speer-Weber, Magarete, born 08-09-1905 in Heidelberg, lived there all her live, they also had a house near Hitler's Berghof on the Obersalzberg and was a girlfriend of Eva Braun (see Braun parents) and a regular visitor on the Berghof of Berchtesgaden. The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany on March 19, 1905, to Luise and Albert. This criticism is mainly presented by the documentary film "Speer Goes to Hollywood" by the director Vanessa Lapa. It began in 1932 but had not supplied any weaponry. [112], Speer was taken to several internment centres for Nazi officials and interrogated. . His sister's name was Carrie. Minister for Armaments. [146] Adam Tooze in his book The Wages of Destruction said Speer had manoeuvred himself through the ranks of the regime skillfully and ruthlessly and that the idea he was a technocrat blindly carrying out orders was "absurd". Beginning in 1948, Speer had the services of Toni Proost, a sympathetic Dutch orderly to smuggle mail and his writings. Figlio e nipote di architetti, Spee. [85] The growth, however, consisted in large part of models that were becoming obsolescent and proved easy prey for Allied aircraft. [131], Speer's supporters maintained calls for his release. Finally, in the summer of 1943, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition. The program while advanced proved to be an impediment to the war economy. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi . Another myth posits that Speer revolutionized the German war machine after his appointment as Minister of Armaments. August 1, 2017. His brothers names were Charles, Albert, Louis (Ludwig), and [76], Following his appointment as Minister of Armaments, Speer was in control of armaments production solely for the Army. Speer was formally arrested on May 23rd. [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. The Speer houses are on the right side. Once Speer became aware of the existence of the fund, he sent detailed instructions about what to do with the money. Founded in 1999. Speer went on to quote Hitler as telling him privately after the remilitarization of the Rhineland, "We will create a great empire. Progress was slow because fuel was rationed and Army Group A were given priority. By Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Reporters and photographers crowded both the street outside Spandau and the lobby of the Hotel Berlin where Speer spent the night. Concerned about retaining power, he did not appoint a deputy and continued to direct work of the Armaments Ministry from his bedside. He studied under Bestelmeyer, Billing, and Tessenow, and rose to prominence on the death of Troost, becoming Adolf Hitler's (1889-1945) friend, confidant, and architect from 1934.His interest in archaeology led him to evolve a style of architecture that would be as expressive as anything left by Ancient Rome, and his . like so many other Germans his body was never found or returned to . [45] Kristallnacht accelerated Speer's ongoing efforts to dispossess Berlin's Jews from their homes. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. I knew that these must be Berlin Jews who were being evacuated. After he failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his properties. [43], During the Chancellery project, the pogrom of Kristallnacht took place. He was credited with a dramatic increase in the shipment of arms that was widely reported as keeping Germany in the war. ", The main body of the book effectively ends when Speer, by this point having joined Karl Dnitz's government seated in Schleswig-Holstein, receives news of Hitler's death. [87], The Fighter Staff committee was instrumental in bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the war economy. [98] Nevertheless, Speer believed that Germany should continue the war for as long as possible with the goal of winning better conditions from the Allies than the unconditional surrender they insisted upon. Germany's armaments production had already begun to result in increases under his predecessor, Todt. Summary: "Inside the Third Reich is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbase Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany, into a wealthy middle class family to Albert and Luise Speer. While dozens of submarines were built, few ever entered service. [55] At the same time, Hitler also appointed Speer as head of the Organisation Todt, a massive, government-controlled construction company. While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. - London, 1. rujna 1981.) 1971. [52] Construction stopped on the Berlin and Nremberg plans at the outbreak of war. Hitler appointed Speer, whose work for Goebbels had impressed him, to manage the building site for Troost. [56] Hitler appointed Speer in Todt's place. [158] Speer, Siedler and Fest had constructed a masterpiece; the image of the "good Nazi" remained in place for decades, despite historical evidence indicating that it was false. He was able to curtail the discussion that the war should be ended. If built, the German Stadium would have accommodated 400,000 spectators. He was more forthright in an interview with William Hamsher in which he said he joined the party in order to save "Germany from Communism". Described by associates as ice cold. [138] He said little, reserving most comments for a major interview published in Der Spiegel in November 1966. [58] Characteristically Hitler did not give Speer any clear remit; he was left to fight his contemporaries in the regime for power and control. However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. Finally, Speer states, "Because I failed at the time, I still feel, to this day, responsible for Auschwitz in a wholly personal sense. Speer was loyal to Hitler, and his experience building prisoner of war camps and other structures for the military qualified him for the job. [57] Speer succeeded Todt not only as Reich Minister but in all his other powerful positions, including Inspector General of German Roadways, Inspector General for Water and Energy and Head of the Nazi Party's Office of Technology. [55] On 8 February 1942, Reich Minister of Armaments and Munitions Fritz Todt died in a plane crash shortly after taking off from Hitler's eastern headquarters at Rastenburg. [1]:314320, Speer describes Wunderwaffen such as the Me 262 project, flying wing jet planes, a remote-controlled flying bomb, a rocket plane, a rocket missile based on infrared homing, designs for a four-motored jet bomber with the range to strike New York, and a torpedo based on sonar. [163] By 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively. never got along so good before or after. [153] He was well-educated, middle class, and bourgeois, and could contrast himself with those who, in the popular mind, typified "bad Nazis". [1]:488498,569, Speer's involvement with concentration camp prisoners as a work force came about when Hitler agreed to Himmler's proposal they be used for the secret V-2 project. . Albert Speer, Hitler's architect, who became Minister of Armaments and War Production in World War II, died today at St. Mary's Hospital. [10] After passing his exams in 1927, Speer became Tessenow's assistant, a high honor for a man of 22. Inside the Third Reich. Like many of those in power in the Third Reich, he was not an ideologue, "nor was he anything more than an instinctive anti-Semite. In the World War II, Hitler appointed him as the Minister of Armaments and War Production for Germany. She married Prince Albert who was her cousin. Speer asked Wolters to destroy the material he had omitted from his donation but Wolters refused and retained an original copy. He was 76 years old. [123] Wolters raised a total of DM158,000 for Speer over the final seventeen years of his sentence. Schmidt authored the first book that was highly critical of Speer. Brother of Hermann Speer and Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer. He had become one of the most powerful people in Nazi Germany. [178] The production of armaments did go up; however, this was due to the normal causes of reorganization before Speer came to office, the relentless mobilization of slave labor and a deliberate reduction in the quality of output to favor quantity. The cylinder is now a protected landmark and is open to the public. There was no communication. Supposing politics to be irrelevant, he turned aside and built roads and bridges and factories, while the logical consequences of government by madmen emerged. Albert Speer, nemki arhitekt in politik, * 19. marec 1905, Mannheim, 1. september 1981, London, Zdrueno kraljestvo . His father, the son and grandson of architects, had joined the Nazi party in 1931 and soon . Speer's joint undertaking with the SS leadership resulted in the creation of Mittelwerk (Central Works) for underground production of the V-2. [71] Speer and Sauckel cooperated closely to meet Speer's labor demands. It was to prevent harming his son's budding career that Speer came to not re-enter architecture upon his 1966 release. A scene from 'Rise of the Nazis' Photo: 72 Films. [105] Speer ended them, though the army continued to blow up bridges. Albert was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. Speer enthusiastically supported the program and in March 1942 made an order for A4 rockets, the predecessor of the world's first ballistic missile, the V-2 rocket. [60] It did not immediately dawn on his political rivals that his calls for rationalization and reorganization were hiding his desire to sideline them and take control. Speer's books were a success; the public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich. Having served his full term, Speer was released in 1966. The houses still look very much the same. [5] Wolters and longtime Speer secretary Annemarie Kempf, while not permitted direct communication with Speer in Spandau, did what they could to help his family and carry out the requests Speer put in letters to his wifethe only written communication he was officially allowed. This movie is based on Speer's autobiography of the same name. In response, Hitler appointed Fritz Sauckel as a "manpower dictator" to obtain new workers. After one of these briefings, Hitler invited Speer to lunch, to the architect's great excitement. "[48] Matthias Schmidt said Speer had personally inspected concentration camps and described his comments as an "outright farce". [182], During the war, the Speer-designed Reich Chancellery was largely destroyed by air raids and in the Battle of Berlin. [50] In his final statement at Nuremberg, Speer gave the impression of apologizing, although he did not directly admit any personal guilt and the only victim he mentioned was the German people. [77] By July 1943, he had gained control of armaments production for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine. Born 1906 [location unknown] Ancestors. Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. The journalist had unwittingly collaborated in one of his myths. The exterior walls survived, but they were eventually dismantled by the Soviets. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer ( Mannheim, 19. oujka 1905. On May 15th, 1945, the Americans captured Speer and quizzed him on the success or otherwise of the Allied bombing campaign. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. Secured early release from prison, became a media celebrity and successfully cultivated the "clean Speer" myth. Despite his opposition to the 20 July plot, he falsely claimed in his memoirs to have been sympathetic to the plotters. Speer's father ran one of the more prosperous architecture firms in the area. [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. A groundbreaking 26-part documentary series narrated by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict in history, World War II. [30] Nuremberg was the site of many official Nazi buildings. First published in 1969, it appeared in English translation in 1970. Gring was reluctant to grant this. [183], This article is about the Nazi minister. [80], In December 1943, Speer visited Organisation Todt workers in Lapland, while there he seriously damaged his knee and was incapacitated for several months. [166] Another myth centered around a faked plan to assassinate Hitler with poisonous gas. There were so many corpses at the Dora underground factory, for example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed. [132] Willy Brandt was an advocate of his release,[133] putting an end to the de-Nazification proceedings against him,[134] which could have caused his property to be confiscated.

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