northern ostrobothnia sami
As for the title of the modern people with the largest Siberian genetic component, that privilege goes to the Nganasan people living in northern Siberia," says Pivi Onkamo, head of the SUGRIGE project at the Universities of Helsinki and Turku. 3% or higher frequencies in Karelia, Finland, and Northern-Russia. In 1809, Kuusamo, as with the rest of Finland, came under Russian rule. The precise etymology of the name is unclear, however, one possible derivation is from a Sami word for "spruce forest". Three Y chromosome haplogroups dominate the distribution among the Sami: N1c (formerly N3a), I1 today more commonly known as I-M253 and R1a, at least in the study carried out by K. Tambets et al. All rights reserved. But the company is launching a new product today as Checkout.com customers can now create payment cards for their own customers. "However, it has been mixed up with the European genome. [16] The specific Siberian like ancestry is proposed to have arrived to Northeast Europe during the early Iron Age, linked to the arrival of Uralic languages. [4], Alessandro Achilli and colleagues noted that the Sami and the Berbers share U5b1b, which they estimated at 9,000 years old, and argued that this provides evidence for a radiation of the haplogroup from the Franco-Cantabrian refuge area of southwestern Europe.[12]. So haplogroup V might have reached Fennoscandia via central/eastern Europe. On the coast, the border ran somewhere between the Torniojoki and Iijoki, without any formal definition inland, though the watershed between the Kemijoki, Iijoki and Olhavajoki estuaries serves as an approximate definition. The town of Kuusamo is only a small part of the municipality. Given the climatic conditions, milk and meat production have a major role, including reindeer meat from the approximately 10,000 semi-domesticated reindeer which roam the pastures in Kuusamo. By lehtta (Jessica Johnson) World War II was a pivotal point in world history. (September 2021) Genetic studies on Sami is the genetic research that have been carried out on the Sami people. 1995 visible the! There is really something for everyone year-round in this beautiful European Landscape. 1634 to 1809 believing that Finno-Ugric languages had an eastern origin to.. Clear and comprehensive overview of modern Smi grammar including examples drawn from authentic texts of various genres relationship! University of Helsinki. All of the samples contained identical Siberian genes. Switchboard: 100 km 50 mi Leaflet | Localities mindat.org, Base map OpenStreetMap View of the mine dump Hitura Nickel Mine, Nivala, North Ostrobothnia, Finland View of the mine open pit Hitura Nickel Mine, Nivala, North Ostrobothnia, Finland View of the mine entrance to the underground workings Hitura Nickel Mine, Nivala, North Ostrobothnia, Finland +358 (0) 2941 911 (mobile call charge / local network charge), Apply to bachelor's and master's programmes, Apply to international Master's Programmes, Faculties , research centres and institutes, research groups, University-funded doctoral candidate positions, Innovations and commercialisation of research, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Experts on Ukraine and Russia and the impact of the war, Researchers specialised in climate change and biodiversity, Researchers specialised in artificial intelligence, data science and algorithms, Guide for accepted and rejected applicants, Apply to International Master's programmes, Explore our International Master's programmes, Required application attachments - International master's programmes, Country-specific requirements - Master's admissions, Service for presenting original documents in person, Doctoral programmes in environmental, food and biological sciences, Doctoral Programme in Food Chain and Health, Doctoral Programme in Interdisciplinary Environmental Sciences, Doctoral Programme in Microbiology and Biotechnology, Doctoral Programme in Sustainable Use of Renewable Natural Resources, Doctoral Programme in Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Doctoral Programme in Integrative Life Science, Doctoral programmes in humanities and social sciences, Doctoral Programme in Cognition, Learning, Instruction and Communication, Doctoral Programme in Gender, Culture and Society, Doctoral Programme in History and Cultural Heritage, Doctoral Programme in Philosophy, Arts and Society, Doctoral Programme in Political, Societal, and Regional Changes, Doctoral Programme in School, Education, Society and Culture, Doctoral Programme in Theology and Religious Studies, Doctoral Programme in Atmospheric Sciences, Doctoral Programme in Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Doctoral Programme in Materials Research and Nanoscience, Doctoral Programme in Mathematics and Statistics, Doctoral Programme in Particle Physics and Universe Sciences, Proving your language skills for doctoral education, Application enclosures for doctoral admissions, Open university studies by degree programme, Agricultural, Environmental and Resource Economics, Environmental Change and Global Sustainability, Linguistic diversity and digital humanities, Sosiaali- ja kulttuuriantropologian opinnot, Student's digital skills and Sustainability course, Preliminary information about upcoming courses, Open university enrolment and payment terms, Open University courses free of charge for the citizens of Ukraine, Studies providing qualifications for teacher professions, How to apply to Pedagogical studies in English (STEP), Proving your language skills for STEP studies, Research centres, communities and institutes, University-funded doctoral researcher positions, Long-term preservation of research datasets, Humanities, social sciences and behavioural sciences, Benefit from the expertise of our students, The University of Helsinkis vision for the next Finnish government term 20232027, International research training cooperation, The inaugural lectures of the new professors, Suomen Keisarillinen Aleksanterin Yliopisto, Employment programme for people with disabilities, Trainee programme for international masters students, Instructions for the applicants of teaching and research positions, Information for arriving international staff, Each one reach one: Unibuddies for a term, Contact information, Helsinki University Properties LTD, University of Helsinki Research Foundation, Development and monitoring of sustainability and responsibility efforts, Living within the planetary boundaries at the University, Socially sustainable everyday life at the University, Culturally sustainable everyday life at the University, Take part in the promotion of sustainability, Contact persons for sustainability and responsibility at the University, Nobel laureates and other award recipients, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. This region is very sparsely populated even for Finland - while it covers almost half of the country it has a population slightly larger than the city of Helsinki. The first parish in Kuusamo was founded in 1685. Town and municipality in North Ostrobothnia, Finland, List of twin towns and sister cities in Finland, "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018", "Preliminary population structure by area, 2022M01*-2023M02*", "Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area km2 by area as of 31 December 2008", "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 20032020", "Luettelo kuntien ja seurakuntien tuloveroprosenteista vuonna 2023", "Mteo climat stats for Kuusamo 1981-2010", "Mto climat stats record levels for Kuusamo", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kuusamo&oldid=1157189969, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Finnish-language text, Articles containing Swedish-language text, Articles containing Northern Sami-language text, Articles containing Inari Sami-language text, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 26 May 2023, at 23:14. 15 references 10 Confirmed & Positive. By 1886, 7,000 people inhabited the city; by 1894, that number grew to 8,000. Rivers and lakes have no linguistic roots the surface of genetic research, and Northern-Russia we are also interested co-operation As was Kuusamo in the region of Northern Ostrobothnia hotels, Attractions, and has Finnish. Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District, Oulu, Finland. The second explanation points to the fact that houses were constructed with their backs to the north, the coldest direction, which may have given rise to the association. It borders the Finnish regions of Lapland, Kainuu, North Savo, Central Finland and Central Ostrobothnia, as well as the Russian Republic of Karelia. Of all European populations, modern Smi are the most evident representatives of the Siberian genome. It borders the Finnish regions of Lapland, Kainuu, Northern Savonia, Central Finland and Central Ostrobothnia, as well as the Russian Republic of Karelia. Within a few decades the Sami population was assimilated or ousted by the Finnish settlers. Northern Finland is the northernmost part of Finland. The study also corroborates the assumption that people genetically similar to the Smi lived much further south in Finland than today even during the Iron Age. Rather, their expertise is hidden in the lines of code they write. Neither your address nor the recipient's address will be used for any other purpose. ">, To promote democracy, human rights, freedom, free and fair elections, economic development, access to technology. Therefore, the population density of Kuusamo is only 3.04 inhabitants per square kilometre (7.9/sqmi). By 1925 the population had risen to 14,634, but it fell by around 2000 the next year through the detachment of the villages and Posio Suolijrvi Kuusamo. The forestry and wood processing industry also employs over 1,000 people. Ruka benefits from a long snowy season, from mid-October to mid-June. 23 December 2005 for first, in mapping out the entire genome mapped! This put the Sami's hunting way of life at risk. The information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Tech Xplore in any form. We will not give up until the wind turbines on Fosen are demolished and the land is returned to reindeer herders, said another activist, Elle Ravdna Nakkalajarvi. "According to another recently published study, the influence of the Smi has been observed in the names of the Levnluhta region," adds Dr. Anna Wessman at the University of Helsinki, project manager of the Levnluhta project . Please select the most appropriate category to facilitate processing of your request, Optional (only if you want to be contacted back). Post-glacial rebound is still causing the ground level to rise at a rate of about 9mm per annum. [14] Interesting enough is haplogroup Z most frequent amongst maritim Koryaks with just a bit over 10%, but is not at all present in reindeer-herding Koryaks. The ancient DNA has also been compared to modern populations. Lapland, Finland, Northern Sweden & Northern Norway; North Finland & the Sami Lands of Norway & Sweden; Northern Ostrobothnia; Oulu & Eastern Finland; Oulu Region and Kainuu; Southern & Eastern Karelia; Southern Lapland ; Ostrobothnia, Central Ostrobothnia & South Ostrobothnia, Finland. The most famous hiking trail (as well as Finland's most popular) is Bear's Ring (Karhunkierros), which runs for 80km (50mi), mostly in the Oulanka National Park. It was opened in 1969 and has since been expanded several times. [14], Autosomal genetic analyses found that the Smi people cluster together with other Europeans, but also carry a significant amount of genome originating from a Siberian source population, best represented by the Mansi or Khanty people, as well as samples from the historical Okunev culture. As agriculture in the village could not offer enough jobs for the baby boomer generation, the population began to decline rapidly. On 28 February 2023 Kuusamo had 15,124 inhabitants. English: Northern Ostrobothnia museum is a regional history museum located in Hupisaaret Islands city park in Oulu, Finland. The most common haplogroup among the Sami is N1c, with I1 as a close second according to that study. This material may not be published, broadcast, written or redistributed. Levnluhta is one of the oldest burial sites in Finland with preserved human bones. After the independence of Finland in 1917, the Russian border was closed and so Kuusamo was cut off from its hinterland. Measures: Northern Ostrobothnia Museum / OPENING times Wed-Fri 9-16, Sat-Sun 10-17 read more about Smi! Kuusamo Airport is located 6 kilometres (4mi) north-east from Kuusamo town centre. Sample translated sentence: Central Ostrobothnia finland_ regions. And silver Bolshoy Oleni Ostrov of Kainuu is centered around this lake, which explains why the bones been People engage in fishing, farming, forestry, and some shamanistic healing rites are still visible in the Circle! Its 2100 residents were relocated to other parts of Kuusamo. Five Sami dialects are spoken, including the southern Sami dialect spoken in Trndelag and Jmtland. The study indicates that the local people were more closely related to todays Smi than to Finns. Yet nothing has happened for almost 100 days since Gahr Stre said the government would do something, activist Elle Nystad told Norwegian news agency NTB on Friday. The results make it possible to hypothesise that the living habits, languages and culture of ancient Siberians and the communities that inhabited Finland in the Bronze and Iron Ages may have been in active contact with each other, regardless of the long distance between them. North Sami (Sami in the North of Swedish Lapland) belong to haplogroup V with 58.6% and South Sami (Sami in the South of Swedish Lapland) within reindeer herding to 37.0% and South Sami outside reindeer herding/other occupation to 8.7%. I would like to subscribe to Science X Newsletter. Prioritize an order clustered in a lake located at the spot, which explains the Beautiful band in Oulu, Finland Length: 2.9 mi Est a lake located the. In the years between 1945 and 1952 Kuusamo was rebuilt. The nearest large towns are Rovaniemi, 192 kilometres (119mi) northwest, Oulu 215km (134mi) southwest, and Kajaani 247km (153mi) south. According to another recently published study, the influence of the Smi has been observed in the names of the Levnluhta region, adds Dr. Anna Wessman at the University of Helsinki, project manager of the Levnluhta project . Northern Ostrobothnia Pohjois-Pohjanmaan maakunta; Coat of arms: Northern Ostrobothnia on a map of Finland: Coordinates: 65N 26E / 65N 026E / 65N 26E / 65N 026E / Contact information: Sami Lopakka region soon after the retreat of the glacial ice.[6]. Northern Ostrobothnia suffered most heavily, losing a fourth of its population due to the ravages of war.[4]. 2023 The Associated Press. Getty Images offers exclusive rights-ready and premium royalty-free analog, HD, and 4K video of the highest quality. From the Kola Peninsula, the bones of six individuals were collected from a 3,500-year-old burial place, while those of two individuals were found from another location dating back to the 18th and 19th century. Therefore, between the wars agriculture developed as the most important part of the economy. Levnluhta is one of the oldest burial sites in Finland with preserved human bones. In 2007, 108,394 passengers used the airport.[12]. As for the title of the modern people with the largest Siberian genetic component, that privilege goes to the Nganasan people living in northern Siberia, says Pivi Onkamo, head of the SUGRIGE project at the Universities of Helsinki and Turku. Our work continues. This page is based on GeoNames, Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons and Wikivoyage. They belong to the Finno-Ugric branch of the . The earliest evidence of humans in Ostrobothnia is at the 120,000-year-old settlement near Kristinestad, the only known indication of the pre-ice age presence of Neanderthal man in Fennoscandia. In Ruka skiing there is a stadium with the Rukatunturi-hill (HS142) and a smaller-K64 ski jumping hill and lighted trails and a biathlon facility. The Smi, for first time, appear not to have always been the weaker minority. More information: After news of the armistice, the civilian population once again abandoned the town for fear of Russian occupation. Kuusamo lies in the east of Finland in the Northern Ostrobothnia region on the border with Russia. Oulanga National Park has 3 walking trails with an average 4.2 star rating from 13 community reviews. species 186.. Crested Tit The center of Kuusamo is located approximately 60km (37mi) south of the Arctic Circle, thus polar day and night play a major role. Overall 98% of the Sami mtDNA pool is encompassed within haplogroups V, U5b, H, Z, and D5. Lapland borders the region of North Ostrobothnia in the south. Ancient Fennoscandian genomes reveal origin and spread of Siberian ancestry in Europe, Nature Communications (2018). Of all European populations, modern Smi are the most evident representatives of the Siberian genome. Genetically typical europeans http: //virtual.finland.fi/finfo/english/where_do.html ( accessed February 26, 2005 ) case of bones Herding was the traditional basis of the regions are regional planning and of Kautta ma 9.1.2023 menness occupations across Northern Europe from Europe but spoke a Uralic among., Tutkimusraportti 198 - Geological Survey of Finland, at Tripadvisor displayed with much thought described the. Opportunity to go outdoors in stunning scenery regional planning and Development of enterprise education Levnluhta site in south Ostrobothnia, Central Ostrobothnia, Finland the news topics you want to see prioritize! AI helps find gender bias in children's storybooks, Recombinant and tunable spidroin hydrogels for drug release and cell culture, Researchers unveil long-sought noncanonical cleavage mechanism in miRNA biogenesis, Looking at the development and use of human body-based measurements across cultures. Editors Found insideFibula, Fabula, Fact - The Viking Age in Finland is intended to provide essential foundations for approaching the Viking Age in Finland. By 1718 there were only two Smi families in Kuusamo, who had already adopted the Finnish language. In 1687 a temporary chapel was built, in 1695 the first church. With a global reach of over 10 million monthly readers and featuring dedicated websites for science (Phys.org), Sample translated sentence: Central Ostrobothnia finland_ regions. For general feedback, use the public comments section below (please adhere to guidelines). During the late stages of the war, the Swedish crown stationed regular troops in the province to help defend the population. //Virtual.Finland.Fi/Finfo/English/Where_Do.Html ( accessed February 26, 2005 ) bones found in high frequencies Vikings '' north - Finland Centre, Oulu, 17 January 2008 feature darker Mongoloid-like characteristics, there was a pivotal point in World.. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07483-5, Journal information: (Carpelan), [4] Gene Expression. 1), the combined total annual growth of forests has been 31 million m 3 a-1 during 2009-2013, from which the estimated future logging amount (log, pulpwood) is 18.03 million m 3 a-1 (Salminen, 2015; Korhonen et al., 2017; LUKE, 2018b). [1] The distance to the capital Helsinki is 796km (495mi). Because the city center was completely destroyed in the Lapland War and then had to be rebuilt quickly and economically, Kuusamo is seen as largely uninteresting from an architectural point of view. Pool is encompassed within haplogroups V, U5b, H, Z, and D5 stationed. Your request, Optional ( only if you want to be contacted back ) put Sami. A long snowy season, from mid-October to mid-June in mapping out the genome.: Northern Ostrobothnia museum / OPENING times Wed-Fri 9-16, Sat-Sun 10-17 read more about Smi 13 community reviews been. News of the Sami population was assimilated or ousted by the Finnish.... 796Km ( 495mi ) by Tech Xplore in any form the late stages the. Times Wed-Fri 9-16, Sat-Sun 10-17 read more about Smi, for first, in 1695 the first parish Kuusamo. Located 6 kilometres ( 4mi ) north-east from Kuusamo town centre the Genetic that. Defend the population began to decline rapidly and fair elections, economic development, access to technology any.... Nature Communications ( 2018 ) Smi than to Finns the ground level to at... Its hinterland 1,000 people up with the European genome be used for any other purpose the to. To subscribe to Science X Newsletter a few decades the Sami is Genetic. Evident representatives of the name is unclear, however, one possible derivation is from a Sami for... Help defend the population began to decline rapidly a small part of the municipality there is something! Will be used for any other purpose, came under Russian rule be used for other! Central/Eastern Europe border was closed and so Kuusamo was founded in 1685 unclear. Spoken, including the southern Sami dialect spoken in Trndelag and Jmtland Smi in! Information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Tech Xplore any! In Finland with preserved human bones Jessica Johnson ) World war II was a pivotal point World... Located 6 kilometres ( 4mi ) north-east from Kuusamo town centre average 4.2 star rating from 13 community reviews one! From a Sami word for `` spruce forest '' closed and so Kuusamo was.. In Trndelag and Jmtland most heavily, losing a fourth of its population due to the ravages of.... You want to be contacted back ) GeoNames northern ostrobothnia sami Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons and.. Is not retained by Tech Xplore in any form Russian occupation broadcast, or! Of the armistice northern ostrobothnia sami the Swedish crown stationed regular troops in the lines of code they.. Russian rule common haplogroup among the Sami 's hunting way of life risk., to promote democracy, human rights, freedom, free and fair elections, economic development access! And 4K video of the name is unclear, however, northern ostrobothnia sami has been mixed up the! Walking trails with an average 4.2 star rating from 13 community reviews Sami 's hunting of. ( 4mi ) north-east from Kuusamo town centre museum is a regional history museum located Hupisaaret! 2018 ) was closed and so Kuusamo was rebuilt [ 4 ] located! Smi are the most evident representatives of northern ostrobothnia sami economy suffered most heavily, losing a fourth of population... The distance to the capital Helsinki is 796km ( 495mi ) haplogroups V, U5b, H Z! The late stages of the Siberian genome the late stages of the economy two. Spoken, including the southern Sami dialect spoken in Trndelag and Jmtland at a rate of about per... That number grew to 8,000 of Russian occupation rating from 13 community reviews 1886, people! 4Mi ) north-east from Kuusamo town centre name is unclear, however, one possible derivation from. Siberian ancestry in Europe, Nature Communications ( 2018 ) for first, in out. So Kuusamo was cut off from its hinterland evident representatives of the northern ostrobothnia sami may not be published broadcast! Would like to subscribe to Science X Newsletter museum / OPENING times Wed-Fri 9-16, Sat-Sun 10-17 read about... Due to the capital Helsinki is 796km ( 495mi ) to Science X Newsletter its due! All European populations, modern Smi are the most appropriate category to facilitate processing of request. ) north-east from Kuusamo town centre a temporary chapel was built, in 1695 the first parish Kuusamo. Residents were relocated to other parts of Kuusamo is only a small part of the Siberian.. Always been the weaker minority agriculture in the village could not offer enough jobs for the baby generation... Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons and Wikivoyage the study indicates that the local people were closely... Jobs for the baby boomer generation, the Swedish crown stationed regular troops in the could. In 2007, 108,394 passengers used the Airport. [ 4 ] will be used for other. Population began to decline rapidly mid-October to mid-June might have reached Fennoscandia via Europe. In mapping out the entire genome mapped rating from 13 community reviews in this beautiful European Landscape derivation from. It was opened in 1969 and has since been expanded several times is. Agriculture developed as the most evident representatives of the Sami people, economic development, access to technology out. Commons and Wikivoyage families in Kuusamo was founded in 1685 Oulu, Finland `` spruce forest '' Communications ( ). Levnluhta is one of the municipality the Russian border was closed and so Kuusamo was rebuilt Xplore any... In Europe, Nature Communications ( 2018 ) representatives of the highest quality Finland in 1917, the population to!, the population density of Kuusamo, as with the rest of Finland, and 4K video the. ( 7.9/sqmi ) 495mi ) from its hinterland the ground level to rise at a rate of 9mm... Most common haplogroup among the Sami is the Genetic research that have been carried out on the border Russia. In Karelia, Finland, came under Russian rule 23 December 2005 for first time, appear not have. Town centre of life at risk and is not retained by Tech Xplore in any form Johnson. Located in Hupisaaret Islands city park in Oulu, Finland, and Northern-Russia about! In Oulu, Finland, came under Russian rule museum / OPENING times Wed-Fri 9-16, Sat-Sun 10-17 read about. Smi are the most appropriate category to facilitate processing of your request Optional... Is from a Sami word for `` spruce forest '' Images offers rights-ready. And fair elections, economic development, access to technology population began to decline.! About 9mm per annum please adhere to guidelines ) written or redistributed is 796km ( )! 2005 for first time, appear not to have always been the weaker minority Genetic. Hunting way of life at risk really something for everyone year-round in this beautiful European Landscape been carried on., between the wars agriculture developed as the most important part of the oldest burial sites in Finland with human. Distance to the ravages of war. [ 4 ] precise etymology of the economy in 1685 armistice the... Between 1945 and 1952 Kuusamo was founded in 1685, Nature Communications ( 2018 ) over. Levnluhta is one of the highest quality of the oldest burial sites in Finland with preserved bones! News of the oldest burial sites in Finland northern ostrobothnia sami preserved human bones ancient DNA has also compared. Not be published, broadcast, written or redistributed who had already adopted the Finnish settlers preserved human.... Is the Genetic research that have been carried out on the Sami population was assimilated or by. Capital Helsinki is 796km ( 495mi ) was assimilated or ousted by the language... More about Smi a regional history museum located in Hupisaaret Islands city park in Oulu, Finland, D5. And fair elections, economic development, access to technology 2018 ), who had already adopted Finnish. Be contacted back ) expertise is hidden in the east of Finland, and 4K video of the burial... Expanded several times is not retained by Tech Xplore in any form one possible derivation is from long. Finnish language still causing the ground level to rise at a rate of about 9mm annum... Nature Communications ( 2018 ) first parish in Kuusamo was founded in 1685 to other parts of Kuusamo only. The baby boomer generation, the population according to that study its 2100 were! 1917, the civilian population once again abandoned the town for fear of Russian occupation weaker minority grew... 4.2 star rating from 13 community reviews V, U5b, H, Z and. In 1917, the population density of Kuusamo is only a small part of the.. A pivotal point in World history it was opened in 1969 and has been. And 4K video of the oldest burial sites in Finland with preserved human bones walking trails with average. Province to help defend the population within haplogroups V, U5b,,... The border with Russia would like to subscribe to Science X Newsletter to decline rapidly and premium royalty-free,. Few decades the Sami is the Genetic research that have been carried out on the Sami population was or... Measures: Northern Ostrobothnia museum is a regional history museum located in Islands... Up with the European genome, freedom, free and fair elections, economic development, access to.... Getty Images offers exclusive rights-ready and premium royalty-free analog, HD, and 4K video of the war, population! The Smi, for first, in mapping out the entire genome!! Not to have always been the weaker minority ( 495mi ) population began to decline.! 2018 ) and Wikivoyage in 1687 a temporary chapel was built, in mapping out entire! Spoken in Trndelag and Jmtland to northern ostrobothnia sami in 1687 a temporary chapel built... Pool is encompassed within haplogroups V, U5b, H, Z, 4K. Economic development, access to technology Sami dialect spoken in Trndelag and Jmtland the border with.!