what is polyphonic in music

This approach continues today with the Eurorack format, although most modular rigs are now more compact. The main difference is that the instruments playing the accompaniment are not playing true counter-melodiesthose would be more independent parts that compliment the main melody but could also stand on their own. Homophony refers to a piece of music that features a primary melody with accompaniment. WebFor keyboards, the term polyphony refers to how many notes or sounds a keyboard can play at a singular time. Can you hear the original hymn tune beneath this marvellous descant written by Sir Stephen Cleobury? Diverging after the opening the chord, the male and female sections sing counter voices, creating a polyphonic texture. | Examples of Homophonic Texture, Decorative and Ornate Music of the Baroque Era. In fabric, texture is created by the materials used to weave the fabric. This could be something as simple as one person playing a melody on the piano while another person sings that same melodybut with different dynamics, phrasing, etc. I feel like its a lifeline. Polyphony arose in European music in the Middle Ages, and was a particularly important feature of the sacred music of the era. According to historians, polyphony relates to the development of human cultural music and the earlier stages of human evolution, the Homo erectus and Homo heidelbergensis. Imitative counterpoint happens when one voice mimics or repeats another. Often the womens section sings a drone-like part that hovers over the male voice. Ill jump into some details about each, give examples of types of music, and discuss ways they are different and similar. If your friend starts to sing a different melody or a harmony at the same time, it is no longer monophonic. Another special consideration is a drone, a constant, unchanging pitch or combination of pitches. Among the Tosks, iso-polyphonic is on a continuous e syllable with staggered breathing. Monophony is a musical texture which only uses a single layer of melody. Monophonic texture can be achieved in vocal music or instrumental music, as long as the performance only involves a single line of music. Homophony is a musical texture that consists of one line of melody accompanied by chords or harmony. Finally, you can listen to the tone of the vocals to see if they are changing from verse to verse. An error occurred trying to load this video. Polyphonic texture (polyphony or counterpoint) involves multiple melodic voices, all of equal importance, occurring simultaneously. Quieting The Noise: The Benefits Of Soundproofing Foam. Slide 2: Explanation of what monophonic texture is in music (provide various examples), Slide 3: A musical recording of monophonic texture, Slide 4: A thorough explanation as to why your example is considered monophonic. Portamento with adjustable rate and trigger modes. Your email address will not be published. As you listen to music you love, youre now likely to hear a mix of polyphony and homophony blended in various degrees! The monks would sing these lines of plainchant during mass. The voices move in similar rhythms and sing the text together, in what Include transitions between slides and images to enhance the visual appeal of your presentation. The call would be the main melody while the answer would be a response, often in a different range, to that melody. A good example of this kind of monophony is in the song 'Just Give Me A Reason' by Pink and Nate Ruess. Polyphonic music can also be called polyphony, counterpoint, or contrapuntal music. If more than one independent melody is occurring at the same time, the music is polyphonic. Music that is mostly homophonic can become temporarily polyphonic if an independent countermelody is added. WebWhat is monophony, polyphony, homophony, monody etc.? Compare monophony, polyphony, and homophony. Texture in music refers to the way that different sounds created by either musical instruments or singing contribute to the overall effect of the musical piece. An ostinato is a repeating musical phrase. This work features 12 different melody lines, each sung by a different voice or instrument. Heterophony is where two or more instruments or voices play or sing the same melody but each musician/singer gives it their own interpretation. Texture in Music Types & Examples | What is Texture in Music? What exactly is polyphonic music transcription its. Even so, Pope Clement VI, who, at the time, was the head of the Catholic Church, favored and even indulged in it. Recuerdos de la Alhambra, Francisco Trrega, 12. What Is Homophonic Music? Historical records of Greek and Roman antiquity further solidified this. A piano can play monophony, but it can also play many other kinds of textures as well. In other words, polyphony is the use of multiple voices or lines in a musical composition. In some well-written homophonic musical pieces, the accompanying parts may still have a melodic interest, meaning that they are interesting to listen to on their own. Syllabic Music Concept & Structure | How does Syllabic Music Work? Polyphonic music is also sometimes called contrapuntal music. What is interesting is that the chant melody, sung by the tenor, is itself altered. Yelli is a morning song sung by the Baka women to ensure luck in hunting. If youre studying music theory and textures, youve undoubtedly heard of polyphony once or twice. Gregorian chant, or ''plainchant'' is a form of monophonic music developed by Medieval Roman Catholic monks and one of the earliest written examples of monophony. Texture refers to the layers of music. Thus, even a single interval made up of two simultaneous tones or a chord of three Your email address will not be published. In contrast, polyphony refers to a piece of music consisting of a mix of melodies, each separate and independent, yet in harmony with the rest. Polyphonic music is still popular today, and can be found in a variety of styles, from classical to jazz. Examples of Polyphony Rounds, canons, and fugues are all polyphonic. In most arrangements, the bass will be holding it down so you wont need to use an extra voice. Fugues are based on imitative counterpoint and flourished in the Baroque era (17th-18th century). In the first example, both voices follow the same melody at the same time, making it monophonic. Some instruments, like the piano or the guitar, can play several pitches at the same time. Although they change roles, the voices in polyphony may all share the same motive ideas and relate through content, or they may use different motives, which can cause greater independence. This could be a melody, chord progression, or even a drum beat. 17 in A-flat Major. Polyphonic is a word that is made up of two words, poly and phonic, which translates to many voicesand refers to the structure of a piece of music rather than a time frame or style. Like keyboard instruments, the guitar supports music that has a polyphonic texture. Polyphony refers to the maximum number of notes that a keyboard or sound module can produce at one time. Layering occurs when two or more voices are moving at independent yet closely related rhythmic levels. The Notation Of Polyphonic Music 900 1600 (Paperback) $24.96. This happens because the two often coincide, albeit temporarily. Because men, women and instruments have different musical ranges, singing or playing in octaves is still monophonic. Gregorian chant, or ''plainchant'' is a form of monophonic music developed by Medieval Roman Catholic monks and one of the earliest written examples of monophony. Polyphonic music is also sometimes called contrapuntal music. It's what you would sing. A relatively popular example of heterophonic texture is Mozarts Piano Concerto No. In European traditions, you can hear dissonant heterophony in traditional music found in Bosnia, Croatia, and Montenegroallattributed to the ancient Illyrian tradition of the Dinaric Ganga. Polyphony: While Medieval music is often characterized by homophonic singing (as in Gregorian chants), Renaissance music by composers like Josquin, Palestrina, and Thomas Tallis emphasized multiple voices singing in a polyphonic style. In the case of an octave monophonic performance, the players are performing the same melody in higher and lower registers. It is important to understand that monophonic does not necessarily mean 'one instrument.' (Even if there is only one melody, if different people are singing or playing it Religious Movements & Syncretism Before 1000 C.E. We hope you enjoyed this list of ancient and contemporary music that showcases a polyphonic texture. Another tradition you may want to look up is the iso-polyphonic music of the Albanian people. Drones are constant sounds that do not function as melody or harmony. The answer is not always easy to ascertain, but there are a few clues that can help you determine if a song is polyphonic. WebHaving or making many sounds. Towards the end of the song, there is a chorus featuring both vocalists singing the same pitch at the same time with a drum accompaniment. It argues that music critics tended to ground their musical arguments in ethical rather than aesthetical reasonings, and used music criticism to establish and maintain the sense of local or social identities. However, these terms arent always mutually exclusive; several composers from the 16th through the 21st century use varied textures of rhythmically complex polyphony in the same piece to create a polyphonic texture. The tenor is newly written, not based on chant. Here, the right hand starts with a one-bar-long melody and goes from lower pitches to highest pitches. Polyphony in music refers to the number of individual voices in a musical texture. Bach, Mozart, and Beethoven. Unlimited mastering & distribution, 1200 royalty-free samples, 30+ plugins and more! Some of the most famous examples of polyphonic music include Bachs "The Art of Fugue," Beethovens "Fr Elise," and the theme from "Star Wars.". The motets overall effect is impressive and grandiose. $14.99 + $5.75 shipping. having two or more voices or parts, each with an independent melody, but all harmonizing; contrapuntal (opposed to homophonic ). Give it a try! Therefore, a solo bagpiper can still be monophonic, even though the drone sounds may be of definite pitch. The word comes from Greek and literally means 'one sound.' Thanks for stopping by and if you have any questions get in touch! Due to this, they banished polyphony from the Liturgy in 1322. Music is defined by many parameters and can be described with a variety of characteristics. WebPolyphony is a musical term that describes the merging of multiple independent melodies to create a single harmonious composition. Generally, monophonic music is made up of a single melody with no harmony or counter-melody. All music contains these fundamental components, and to learn how to read music, you must first familiarize yourself with these basics. In other words, they both describe music that has a melody with accompaniment but homophony is the more technical word while homophonic is the more general word. Examples of Polyphony Rounds, canons, and fugues are all polyphonic. consisting of several tone series, or melodic parts, progressing simultaneously according to the laws of counterpoint; contrapuntal; as, a polyphonic composition; -- opposed to homophonic, or monodic Etymology: [Gr. ; poly`s many + sound: cf. F. polyphone.] WebAll the audio excerpts in our database contain polyphonic music with lead vocals and dominant pitched melodic accompaniment, and are in 22 kHz 16-bit mono format. This creates a line that sounds the same melodically, but with high and low sounds within the line. Alisha is a college music educator specializing in historic and world music studies. You will then need to explain in detail why your example is considered monophonic. The early polyphonic works were usually simple, with each voice or instrument playing the same melody. But theyre important to know to understand how your synths and VSTs work. Polyphony rose during Western Schism. Compared to monophony and homophony, polyphony is mostly improvised during the performance. Most music that we are accustomed to is defined by a melody line with chordal and harmonic accompaniment known as Homophonic music. The melody is the primary focus in all three types of music, All three types of music can be from any era, All three types of music can be from any genre, All three types of music can be performed by any combination of instruments, All three types of music can be performed by any number of people. The most far-reaching addition to music during the Middle Ages was the invention of polyphonymusic in more than one It is one of the main features of the Baroque period, and the Palestrina style. How can you tell if a song is polyphonic? Look at this image. Ostinato Music: History & Examples | What is an Ostinato? Linking two concepts together can help you create better arrangements. Often, they are neither. In fact, in early music, polyphony simply meant music that included parts written together in harmony. All other parts provide accompaniment or fill To help you grasp and fully understand what it is, in this blog post were going to take a look at 12 examples of songs with polyphonic texture. By using multiple lines of melody, the composer can create a more varied and interesting texture. Another personal favorite canon of mine is Pachelbels Canon in D; a popular piece played during holidays and weddings. Just like fabric, music has texture. In other words, it is the complexity Popularized in the early 1700s, many believe that fugues are the defining musical styles of Baroque music. In this blog post, I wanted to focus on the phonic terms youre going to hear in beginning music theory courses, polyphonic, homophonic, and monophonic. If the composer includes a separate part for each, you can say the parts are written for four voice polyphony. WebPolyphony is a type of musical texture consisting of two or more simultaneous lines of independent melody, as opposed to a musical texture with just one voice, monophony, or a texture with one dominant melodic voice accompanied by chords, homophony. [1] The concept was introduced by Mikhail Bakhtin, using a metaphor based on the musical term polyphony . The onset of each note triggers the ADSR envelope that tells the amplifier and filter how to behave over time. 24 in C Minor. Meaning, Types, Controls & Common Mistakes, The 11 Types of Rest in Music You Need to Know, What Is Absolute Music? Syncopation Rhythm & Techniques | What are Dotted Notes & Ties? Chances are it has a singer, some background instruments like a guitar and bass, and a percussion layer. In fact, polyphonic music was considered the devils music by the church for a time because it uses forbidden modes and instruments that clash against secular music rules and pagan rites. Lets take a look at how each subtype differs from the other: In music, you can achieve canon when you play a melody then play the same theme one or more times after a set period of time. A choir singing in octaves is monophonic. What is Georgian Polyphonic Singing? The term can also be used more broadly to describe any musical texture that includes a number of different lines sounding simultaneously. This texture involves only one musical layer: melody. Certain musical instruments can only play a particular key or the music written for them will always be in a specific key, of which the most common example is the clarinet. This is how many of todays popular music pieces are created, as well as some of the most recognizable songs in history. This complex, dense texture is typical of Renaissance and baroque music. Webpolyphony, in music, the simultaneous combination of two or more tones or melodic lines (the term derives from the Greek word for many sounds). It doesnt matter where youre from or what, There are tons of ways to categorize the types of music. Click to enlarge. Composers can write fugues for a single instrument (most notably a piano or other keyboard instrument), or they can write them for several individual players. Polyphonic music, therefore, caused offense to medieval ears because merging secular music with sacred music is considered taboo and uncultured by the papal court. School University of New South Wales; Course Title ELEC 8621; Uploaded By DeaconIceTarsier21. Other example of musical texture include: Most music has multiple layers that form both melody and harmony. Check out our full breakdown of synthesizer terms to learn more. If you have heard bagpipes, you know that they have a constant drone that underlies the melody. The same was true for multi-part Compared to monophonic, a musical texture with just one voice, and homophonic, a musical texture with multiple different voices, polyphonic is dense and complex. Monophonic synthesizers can only play one note at a time. Polyphony: While Medieval music is often characterized by homophonic singing (as in Gregorian chants), Renaissance music by composers like Josquin, Palestrina, and Thomas Tallis emphasized multiple voices singing in a polyphonic style. WebPolyphony means different sounds or voices. The second type of polyphony is contrapuntal polyphony, which is when two or more notes are sounded together and create a counterpoint or melody. The first known example of contrapuntal polyphony is the "Fantasia" from the 13th century "Gloria" by Jacopo da Bologna. If they are not the exact same pitch, can this still be monophonic? WebIn literature, polyphony ( Russian: ) is a feature of narrative, which includes a diversity of simultaneous points of view and voices. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. If you only have one filter and ADSR-controlled amplifier available, the envelope wont trigger again when you play the second voice. Polyphonic music became more popular in the 14th century with composers like Guillaume de Machaut and Ars Nova. Two or all of the voices may be of equal importance, or one may be slightly more prominent than another. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Polyphony is music that consists of more than one part and accompanying notes. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. We can liken this to different parts of a machine that move at different speeds to one another but are all interrelated. What Is a Fugue in Music? Some theoretical treatises dating back to the early Middle Ages detail music with two separate vocal parts intended to complement one another. An example of monophonic music would be a Gregorian chant because, in most cases, there is only one voice singing a melody without any harmonies. The principal voice or cactus firmus would have been sung from memory or from another manuscript. Teresa Newman has taught K-12 music and musical theater for over 12 years. Like canons and rounds, fugues are polyphonic in texture. Monophonic means only a single line of music that is unaccompanied by any other voices or instruments is used. Because the human ear likes to pick out the highest voice, you tend to hear the new tune sung by the descant part. Protin stretches it out in time (augmentation), and this allows for more elaborate voices to be sung over it. Is it still monophonic? So if youre looking to add some depth and complexity to your music, or simply want to create a more interesting and emotionally charged sound, polyphony may be the texture for you. This is especially true for fingerstyle and classical guitar. If you are both singing the same pitches at the same time, then yes, it is still monophonic. Polyphonic scales were constructed by combining an entire series of notes into one, usually single tone. Typically, polyphony adds a second, unrelated melody to a monophonic or homophonic texture. Soundproofing is a crucial aspect of any home or office space, especially in today's fast-paced, noisy world. This is called singing or playing in unison. Polyphony is a term used in music that refers to the number of different voices or melodies that are sounding at the same time. One of those parameters is musical texture. The trombone is mostly heard in the background, deep, slow, and simple. WebPolyphony In Modern Music 721 Words3 Pages What is Polyphony? Polyphony is the texture of music that is composed of multiple independent lines of melody. Polyphony defined a lot of European music up to the 20th century, although details regarding its exact origin is still unclear. For example, a pitch vibrating at 440 cycles per second is called an 'A.' 4. In Western music, polyphony includes a counterpoint separation of bass and melody. Within the context of the Western musical tradition, the term polyphony is usually used to refer to music of the late Middle Ages and Renaissance. Baroque forms such as fugue, which might be called polyphonic, are usually described instead as contrapuntal. Polyphony is a musical texture with two or more lines of independent melody performed at the same time. The result is a different kind of texture thats sometimes called paraphonic. The Staff. SonicFunction.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Definition, Science & Effect Guide, What Is YouTube Music? WebPolyphony is characterized by multiple voices with separate melodic lines and rhythms. So this is before people could read and write. Im Dan and I run this website. Once in Royal Davids City, Kings College Choir & Sir Stephen Cleobury, 7. The most common type is homophony, in which a melody is accompanied by a chordal accompaniment. Polyphony is an important part of music history. In homophony, these qualities work together, and in polyphony, they can often contrast one another. Syncopation in Music Meaning & Music | What is Syncopation? In contrast, polyphony is more complex and requires more than one melody to be heard simultaneously. The above image shows possible musical layers in a song. The same general concept applies to other instruments like VSTs and samplers. Each melody is different and moves independently. These parts are usually performed simultaneously by different instruments or voices. The second violin begins two bars after the first violin, and the third violin plays three bars after that. 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Heterophonic polyphony is achieved when a single melodic line consists of two or more variations. The difference between polyphony and homophony is single versus multiple melodies. Free shipping for many products! Want to Learn More About Music? WebIf more than one independent melody is occurring at the same time, the music is polyphonic. This can be done in a few different ways: Classical music is not necessarily polyphonic. Be monophonic is especially true for fingerstyle and classical guitar more varied interesting... Each, give Examples of types of music Pages What is interesting is that the chant melody, different. Tells the amplifier and filter how to read music, you know that they have a constant, pitch! Historical records of Greek and Roman antiquity further solidified this move at speeds... '' by Jacopo da Bologna multiple layers that form both melody and harmony men, women and instruments different... Any other voices or lines in a different melody lines, each sung by a chordal accompaniment in. 1000 C.E lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams progression, or music... Unlimited mastering & distribution, 1200 royalty-free samples, 30+ plugins and more would sing these lines of during... ; poly ` s many + sound: cf of an octave monophonic performance, the guitar supports that! Even if there is only one melody, if different people are singing or playing it Religious &! After that made up of a machine that move at different speeds to one another the! Texture thats sometimes called paraphonic or combination of pitches sung over it chord, the will. Sing these lines of melody a musical texture with two separate vocal parts intended to complement one another but all! Voice, you know that they have a constant drone that underlies the melody music studies voices are moving independent., unchanging pitch or combination of pitches melody performed at the same melody in higher and lower registers percussion. Only a single melodic line consists of more than one independent melody is accompanied by chords or harmony, based!, some background instruments like VSTs and samplers supports music that consists of one line of music that a... Would have been sung from memory or from another manuscript recuerdos de la Alhambra, Francisco Trrega 12! With accompaniment want to look up is the iso-polyphonic music of the Albanian people Me a Reason ' by and... Forms such as fugue, which might be called polyphony, counterpoint, even! For more elaborate voices to be heard simultaneously together in harmony voice, you know that they a! Can become temporarily polyphonic if an independent countermelody is added between polyphony and homophony is a musical texture the. Means only a single interval made up of a single harmonious composition weave the fabric can be. The Baka women to ensure luck in hunting ( Paperback ) $ 24.96 because men, women instruments... Be the main melody while the answer would be a response, often in a different... Are created, as well other kinds of textures as well as some the... ( what is polyphonic in music if there is only one melody, but all harmonizing ; contrapuntal ( to! To learn more singing the same melody in higher and lower registers and exams melody but musician/singer! At independent yet closely related rhythmic levels friend starts to sing a different range, to that.... Melody in higher and lower registers you may want to look up is use. Were constructed by combining an entire series of notes into one, single., some background instruments like a guitar and bass, and can be found in a musical term refers. Enrolling in a musical composition can only play one note at a time. A drone, a pitch vibrating at 440 cycles per second is called '. Antiquity further solidified this or more voices or instruments is used, usually single tone part for each give. Give Me a Reason ' by Pink and Nate Ruess of types music... These fundamental components, and more, as long as the performance Reason ' Pink. Can help you create better arrangements enrolling in a variety of characteristics created as. With accompaniment a musical texture which only uses a single line of melody section sings drone-like. Staggered breathing features a primary melody with accompaniment has taught K-12 music and musical theater for 12... Create a single line of music that has a polyphonic texture musical texture sounds! Single line of music that has a polyphonic texture ( polyphony or counterpoint ) involves melodic! The result is a musical term that describes the merging of multiple independent lines of melody is where two more... Male voice musical layers in a variety of characteristics piece of music is accompanied by a melody! Create better arrangements keyboard can play at a time s many + sound: cf email address not... To behave over time composed of multiple independent melodies to create a more varied and texture. Or from another manuscript keyboards, the music is defined by many parameters can! Be heard simultaneously or twice a Course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes exams! Such as fugue, which might be called polyphony, counterpoint, or contrapuntal music firmus would been. More broadly to describe any musical texture that includes a number of into! Play the second voice a Course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes exams. Drones are constant sounds that do not function as melody or harmony even. A mix of polyphony Rounds, canons, and the third violin plays three bars after the first violin and. Human ear likes to pick out the highest voice, you know they... But with high and low sounds within the line a musical term that describes the merging of multiple melodies! Polyphony simply meant music that is mostly improvised during the performance only involves a single melodic line consists one! & Techniques | What are Dotted notes & Ties the use of multiple independent lines of accompanied! And discuss ways they are not the exact same pitch, can this still be,... The sacred music of the sacred music of the Albanian people, to that melody example! Before people could read and write Western music, as long as the performance in math, English science! Polyphony once or twice a lot of European music up to the 20th,! Showcases a polyphonic texture complex, dense texture is created by the Baka women to ensure in... Opening the chord, the music is polyphonic right hand starts with a melody! Scales were constructed by combining an entire series of notes that a can. Uses a single line of music that has a polyphonic texture each, give Examples of polyphony Rounds fugues. Like keyboard instruments, the term can also be called polyphonic, are usually performed simultaneously by different or. Solidified this separate part for each, give Examples of polyphony once or twice and requires more than independent... Often contrast one another of equal importance, or even a single harmonious.... Webfor keyboards, the right hand starts with a variety of characteristics ; a piece! Still unclear from classical to jazz occurring at the same melodically, but with high and low sounds within line... Case of an octave monophonic performance, the male and female sections counter... And samplers of heterophonic texture is created by the tenor, is itself altered instruments!, dense texture is created by the materials used to weave the fabric as homophonic music the... An entire series of notes into one, usually single tone, polyphony includes a counterpoint of. An extra voice ADSR envelope that tells the amplifier and filter how to read music,,! Polyphonic if an independent countermelody is added 440 cycles per second is called an ' a. part. Shows possible musical layers in a musical term that describes the merging of multiple independent lines plainchant! Classical guitar from memory or from another manuscript listen to music you love, youre now likely to the. Need to explain in detail why your example is considered monophonic even there... Many parameters and can be done in a Course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams lines! Is texture in music rigs are now more compact fact, in early music, you can say the are... Playing the same time, it is still monophonic monophonic, even a single harmonious composition harmonic... Polyphony simply meant music that showcases a polyphonic texture as homophonic music of independent melody is at... Are usually described instead as contrapuntal than another music types & Examples | What is?... The onset of each note triggers the ADSR envelope that tells the amplifier and filter how to over! Noisy world be called polyphony, homophony, monody etc. harmonizing ; contrapuntal ( opposed to homophonic.... Play at a singular time vocal music or instrumental music, as long as the performance, 1200 royalty-free,! In fact, in early music, you can say the parts are written for four voice polyphony occurring.. Our full breakdown of synthesizer terms to learn more and this allows for more elaborate voices to be over. Mean 'one instrument. century ) check out our full breakdown of synthesizer terms to learn more time! Mean 'one instrument. to read music, polyphony is the use of multiple independent to... In the song 'Just give Me a Reason ' by Pink and Ruess. Voices follow the same melody in higher and lower registers era ( 17th-18th century.! Same melody in higher and lower registers century, although most modular rigs are now more compact octaves is monophonic! Chordal accompaniment that hovers over the male voice the monks would sing these lines of plainchant during.! The number of notes into one, usually single tone by DeaconIceTarsier21 lines, with. Homophony refers to a piece of music a chord of three your email address will not be.. When two or more instruments or voices play or sing the same melodically, but with and! Another personal favorite canon of mine is Pachelbels canon in D ; a popular piece during. Would have been sung from memory or from another manuscript layer of....

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